Guide vane



Sept. 25, 1928.,

. "1,1685260 W. M. WHITE GUIDE VANE Filed June 1')", 1926 ill Patented Sept. 25, 1928.

- warren stare I i I WILLIA w rin or ivn'riwaunnn. wtsccnsin I, Application in; when,

This invention relates in general to improvements 1n hydraulic mach nes,

GUIDE vane.

and relates more specifically to improvements in the construction and. operation of ad ustable guide vanes tor hydrauhc turbines or the like.

a An object of the invention is to provide a new and useful guide vane structurewhich 1s simple in construction and chic tion.

' It is common commercialpractice in the.

ient, in operaconstruction of hydraulic turbines, to utilize an annular series of adjustable guide vanes for controlling the flow bine rotor. These guide vanes about parallel pivots and have of fluid to the turare swmgable port-ions projecting forwardlyand rearwardly from the pivots and cooperating with adjacent vanes,

to control thequantity. and the direction of flow otthe fluid admitted to the rotor.

siderable difliculty has been had with 'struc-, due to leakage of fluid between the ends oi. the

tures of thistype, through the j ointsv vanes and p ackings leakage.

the adjacent casings, uide vanes are in closed position,

Gon-

when the and it 15 ovide suitable tion consistsin theprovlsion of packing members between'the casing elements, together with.

vane ends and the adjacent means for resiliently urging these members against suitable seating surfaces leakage.

A clear conception of an to thereby eliminate the embodiment of the invention and of the'mode otoperation of devices constructed in accordance there with, may be had .by reterringto accompanying and forming .a

the drawing part of. this specification in which like reference characters designate the various views. I

Fig. 1 1s a fragmentary same or similar parts in the sectional view of a hydraulic turbine, the section being taken adjacent to one of the inlet turbine.

"guide vanes of the Fig. 2 is an end view-t one oftheinlet guide vanes showing the mproved packing associated therewith.

' Fig. 3. is a transverse section through a fragment of the discharge end inlet guide vanes.

of one ofthe Fig. 1 1s atransverse section througha fragment of the admission end inlet guide vanes.

The hydraulic turbine of one of the specifically ill ustrated in the drawing comprises a stationary turbottom ring 6 providing in pocketsoif the guide vane 'bi'ne casing consisting. of a topcasing cover or element 5, a bottom casing ring or element 6, and a base plate 13.;fthe topcover 5 and the an annular inlet the interior of the casing. Afiuid supply casing' ft'orms aspeed ring communicating=with the annularconduit provided by the casing elements 5, 6, and a'rotori i of suitable'construction is disposed within the casing so ast'o-receive thesupply casing ing conduit. I An annularseries of adjustable. guide vanes 2 is disposed within the annular inlet conduit 01 the turbine casing, each of these guide vanes being provided with pivots 7,8 projecting from the opposite ends thereof and into the adjacent casing-elements 5, 6 .r,e spectiv'ely. Suitable guide vane usting mechanism ofwell known construction is as; soci'atedwith the vane pivots-7 tor the purpose ot; simultaneously swinging the fvanes 2 about their pivotal axes. I i The opposite ends of each of the {vanes 2 are provided with packing members or plates 9 having'tul'nilar extensions 10 embracing the vane' pivots 7, 8 respectively. The packing plates 9 have outer plane surfaces cooperable conduit directed toward fluid'trom g'throughthe annular caswith the acent plane surfaces of the casing elements5,6 respectively, the plates being re,-

lieved at the cnt-away port1ons 19 soasto produce surface contact of substantially equal areas on oppositesides of the vane pivots,

fitting adjacent grooves in the packing plates within pockets inthe inlet portion of each vane 2 coact with the plates 9. and constantly urge the adjacent portionsof the plates outwardly away from the guide vane. The discharge portion of each guide vane 2 is provided-with recessesformed to receive the keys 18, as shown in Fig.'-3, the keys18 likewise coactmg withad acent recesses 1n the packing shoes 9. The portionsbtthe packing plates 9 adjacent to the keys 18, are urged outwardly against the casing elements 5, 6,-by means of helical compression springs 16 disposed with- 2 and, coacting withplungers 17 which straddle the keys 18 and in turn engage the adjacent packing plates 9. The keys 15, 18 are disposed 1y with respect to the guide vane axes and serve to prevent the passage of fluid between the packing plates 9 and the adjacent guide Helical compression springstl l disposed radialthe guide vane 2 while inserting and removing the latter. The medial end portions of the packing plates 9. are somewhat wider than 1 vided. with end enlargements the adjacent vanes 2, and the vanes are pro- 11 cooperating with the widened plate portions.

During normal operation of the turbine,

' the actuatingfluid is admitted from the supply casing 3 ters )Patent:

element and pastthe uide vanes 2 to the turbine rotor 4 in a well nown manner. The guide vanes 2 are adjustable about their pivots 7, 8'to vary the direction and quantity of flow of the entering fluid and also to completely shut off the flow. When the guide vanes 2 areclose'd, the packing plates 7 and the keys 15, 18, provide a continuous annular packing for effectively preventing the flow'of fluidpast the ends of the annular series of guide vanes. The helical springs 14, 16 coacting with the inlet and discharge portions of the packing plates 9 constantly urge these plates against the adjacent casing'elements, and the keys '14, 16 provide effective ba'filing elements for preventing the flow. of fluid through the space between the plates 9 and the vane ends- The guide vanes may be removed in assembled condition upon removal of the top cover 5 and the tubular extensions 10 provide renewable Wearing sleeves cooperating with the pivots 7, 8 and with the adjacentcasing elements.

It should beunderstood that it is not desired to limit the invent-ionto the exact details of construction and operation herein shown and described, for various modifications Within the scope of the claims may occur to persons'skilled in the art.

-It is claimed and 1. In combination, a casingelement, a vane element formed to direct fluid into said casing element and pivotally associated therewith, and a packing member supported by one of said elements and resiliently urged against the other on opposite sides of the vaneeleme nt pivot. 2. In combination, a casing element, a vane element formed to direct fluid into said casing pivotally associated therewith, and a packing member supported by said vane element and resiliently urged against said casing element on opposite sides of the vane element pivot. H

' '3. In combination, a plurality of easing elements, a vane element with and disposed between said casing elements, and packing members supported by pivotally associated a key disposed with saidrecess,

' jecting therefrom, a packing recess cooperatlng with said key and proplate against said desired to secure by Let:

I element formed 4. In combination, a plurality of casingv elements, providing a fluid conduit, a vane element plvotally associated with said casing elements Within said conduit, a packing plate associated with each end of said vane element adjacent to one of said casing elements, and spring means for urging'said plates against the adjacent casing elements.

5. In combination, a casing element, a vane element pivotally associatedwith said element, a key coacting With a groove inQsaid vane, element, a packing plate having are cess for receiving said key, and means for urging said in g element.

6. In combination,

a packing shoe engaging said key, means for urging said packing element,

and Spring 7. In combination, a'casing element havinga recess, a vane element having a pivot'extendingthrough said recess, akey disposed within a recess of said vane element and proplate having a vided with a tubular extension extending into said casing recess, and means for urging said casing 8. In combination, a casing forming a fluid conduit and having alined recesses on opposite sides of said conduit, a vane located Within said conduit. and having pivots extending into said recesses, guide keys projecting from the opposite ends of said vane, packing plates cooperating with said k with the adjacent condit walls, means for resiliently urging against said walls. I p In combination, a casing element, a vane to direct'fluid into said casing element and pivotally associated therewith, and a packing supported by .one of said and spring said plates elements and coacting with the other on opposite sides of the vane element pivot to reduce leakage between the end surface of said vane element and said casing element.

i 10. In' combination, a casing element, a vane element. formed'to direct fluid into said V a casing element, a vane element havinga recess at an end thereof,

plate against said casing eys and the adjacent surface of packing plate against said cats 7 

